發(fā)布者：抗性基因網(wǎng) 時(shí)間：2023-06-14 瀏覽量：963
摘要
? ? ? 耐萬(wàn)古霉素糞腸球菌（VREfm）是一種機(jī)會(huì)性病原體，是全球公共和環(huán)境衛(wèi)生的最高優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)之一。根據(jù)“一個(gè)健康”方法，我們首次確定了同時(shí)從海洋海灘水域、污水處理廠(chǎng)的海底排水口和未經(jīng)處理污水的海上排放中回收的VREfm的抗生素耐藥性和毒力基因，以及序列類(lèi)型（ST）隸屬關(guān)系，并將其與克羅地亞地區(qū)大學(xué)醫(yī)院的監(jiān)測(cè)VREfm進(jìn)行比較，以評(píng)估其傳播的危險(xiǎn)性和引入自然環(huán)境的途徑。重要的是，從廢水、沿海海水和醫(yī)院中回收的VREfm具有相似的毒力、多藥耐藥性和ST特征，對(duì)公共健康構(gòu)成了重大威脅。所有分離株都攜帶vanA基因，而一個(gè)臨床分離株也攜帶vanC2/C3基因。醫(yī)院菌株主要攜帶氨基糖苷類(lèi)耐藥基因aac（6′）-Ie-aph（2〃）-Ia、aph（1〃）-Ib和aph（3〃）-Id，這兩個(gè)基因在環(huán)境分離株中也占主導(dǎo)地位。hyl基因是最普遍的毒力基因。這些分離株屬于克隆復(fù)合體CC17的10個(gè)ST，CC17是一個(gè)與醫(yī)院感染和疫情相關(guān)的主要流行病譜系，ST117和ST889在水傳播和醫(yī)院分離株中很常見(jiàn)，表明它們是污水驅(qū)動(dòng)的傳播。為了更好地了解所調(diào)查的水基質(zhì)中伴隨分類(lèi)單元的多樣性，使用基于Illumina的16S rDNA測(cè)序進(jìn)行了微生物組分類(lèi)分析，并使用PICRUSt2生物信息學(xué)工具預(yù)測(cè)了它們的抗性特征。另外還鑒定了60個(gè)病原菌屬，其中弧桿菌屬、不動(dòng)桿菌屬、埃希氏志賀菌屬、擬桿菌屬和假單胞菌屬最為豐富，并與過(guò)多的抗生素抗性基因和模塊有關(guān)，為廢水排放（包括經(jīng)處理的廢水）的有害影響提供了進(jìn)一步的證據(jù)，應(yīng)從衛(wèi)生和技術(shù)角度充分解決的自然水生環(huán)境問(wèn)題。
Abstract
Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) is an opportunistic pathogen among the highest global priorities regarding public and environmental health. Following One Health approach, we determined for the first time the antibiotic resistance and virulence genes, and sequence types (STs) affiliation of VREfm recovered simultaneously from marine beach waters, submarine outfall of a wastewater treatment plant and an offshore discharge of untreated sewage, and compared them with the surveillance VREfm from regional university hospital in Croatia to assess the hazard of their transmission and routes of introduction into the natural environment. Importantly, VREfm recovered from wastewater, coastal bathing waters and hospital shared similar virulence, multidrug resistance, and ST profiles, posing a major public health threat. All isolates carried the vanA gene, while one clinical isolate also possessed the vanC2/C3 gene. The hospital strains largely carried the aminoglycoside-resistance genes aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2″)-Ia, and aph(2″)-Ib and aph(2″)-Id, which were also predominant in the environmental isolates. The hyl gene was the most prevalent virulence gene. The isolates belonged to 10 STs of the clonal complex CC17, a major epidemic lineage associated with hospital infections and outbreaks, with ST117 and ST889 common to waterborne and hospital isolates, pointing to their sewage-driven dissemination.
To gain better insight into the diversity of accompanying taxons in the surveyed water matrices, microbiome taxonomic profiling was carried out using Illumina-based 16S rDNA sequencing and their resistome features predicted using the PICRUSt2 bioinformatics tool. An additional 60 pathogenic bacterial genera were identified, among which Arcobacter, Acinetobacter, Escherichia-Shigella, Bacteroides and Pseudomonas were the most abundant and associated with a plethora of antibiotic resistance genes and modules, providing further evidence of the hazardous effects of wastewater discharges, including the treated ones, on the natural aquatic environment that should be adequately addressed from a sanitary and technological perspective.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969722068206